What is reflected appraisal?

Reflected appraisal, also known as looking glass self, refers to a concept in psychology that individuals develop their self-concept based on how they believe others view them. This theory suggests that individuals form their self-image not from direct personal experiences, but rather from the perception of how others see them.

The idea of reflected appraisal was first introduced by sociologist Charles Cooley in 1902 in his work "Human Nature and the Social Order." According to Cooley, individuals imagine how others perceive them, internalize those perceptions, and then develop their self-concept based on those imagined appraisals.

Research has shown that reflected appraisal can have a significant impact on an individual's self-esteem, self-confidence, and overall psychological well-being. Positive feedback from others can boost self-esteem, while negative feedback can lead to feelings of inadequacy and low self-worth.

It is important to note that reflected appraisal is not always accurate, as individuals may misinterpret or exaggerate the opinions of others. It is also influenced by various factors such as cultural norms, social influences, and personal biases.

Overall, understanding the concept of reflected appraisal can help individuals become more self-aware and develop a more balanced self-perception based on a combination of personal experiences and external feedback.